This might be a highly technical representation of what happens behind the scenes when you type into any search engine. To make it more understandable lets look at a specific use-case: what happens when you type https://www.google.com in your browser and press Enter.
On a typical day, you would see the above UI when you open google to search for anything. Now we want to look at behind the scene technologies involved in typing anything into Google Search Engine or any other search engine.
Typically the browser decodes your Uniform Resource Locator (URL) into the various parts.